Texts

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Medieval Welsh compilation of texts about Charlemagne and his reign, based on the Pseudo-Turpin Chronicle and three Old French texts. The Welsh texts based on the Old French texts, a version of the Chanson Roland, the Pèlerinage de Charlemagne and Otinel, are known separately as Cân Rolant, Pererindod Siarlymaen and Rhamant Otfel.

Manuscript witnesses

Text
Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, Cwrtmawr MS 306B 
Modern copy of R.
Text
Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, Cwrtmawr MS 307B 
Modern copy of R.
Text
Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, MS 36B 
Copy of L.
Text
Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, MS 980C 
Modern copy of R.
Text
ff. 40–41, 47, 49  
Text
Oxford, Jesus College, MS 111 
Different version.

Sources

Primary sources Text editions and/or modern translations – in whole or in part – along with publications containing additions and corrections, if known. Diplomatic editions, facsimiles and digital image reproductions of the manuscripts are not always listed here but may be found in entries for the relevant manuscripts. For historical purposes, early editions, transcriptions and translations are not excluded, even if their reliability does not meet modern standards.

[dipl. ed.] Thomas, Peter Wynn [ed.], D. Mark Smith, and Diana Luft [transcribers and encoders], Welsh prose (Rhyddiaith Gymraeg) 1300–1425, Online: Cardiff University, 2007–present. URL: <http://www.rhyddiaithganoloesol.caerdydd.ac.uk>.
[ed.] Rejhon, Annalee C., Cân Rolant: the medieval Welsh version of the Song of Roland, University of California Publications in Modern Philology, 113, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1984.
Edition of Cân Rolant.
[ed.] Williams, Stephen J., Ystorya de Carolo Magno o Llyfr Coch Hergest, rev. ed., Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1968.
Edited from Llyfr Coch Hergest.
[ed.] Williams, Stephen J., Ystorya de Carolo Magno o Llyfr Coch Hergest, 1st ed., Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1930.
Edited from Llyfr Coch Hergest.
[ed.] [tr.] Williams, Robert, and G. Hartwell Jones, Selections from the Hengwrt MSS. preserved in the Peniarth library, 2 vols, vol. 2: containing Campeu Charlymaen, Purdan Padric, Buchedd Meir Wyry, Evengyl Nicodemus, Y Groglith, Breuddwyt Pawl, Seith Doethion Ruvein, Ipotis Ysprytawl, Lucidarius, Ymborth yr Eneit, etc., etc., London: Bernard Quaritch, 1892.  

Regarding the genesis of the work and its purpose and methods, it is worth quoting the preface from G. Hartwell Jones (G. H. J.) in full:

“The publication of the translation from the middle of the eighth chapter of Purdan Padric onwards, for which alone I am responsible, has been delayed owing to the serious difficulties encountered in its execution.

The text being in many places incomplete or inaccurate, especially in the earlier part, it was found necessary to collate Canon Willams' transcript with the manuscripts, which I was enabled to do hurriedly by the courtesy of W. R. M. Wynne, Esq., of Peniarth, or with other versions at tlie Bodleian and elsewhere, some of which I saw after the sheets had been printed off. By consulting the originals, from which these were translated in the first instauce, most of them in Latin, I have succeeded in conjecturing the first readings or tracing the growth of the mischief. These documents, written in various languages, I have discovered in English libraries or abroad, while engaged in other kinds of research. Still, many passages remain doubtful. Pages 453-6 inclusive, which were left unfinished by the late Canon Williams, have been collated with and corrected against the original MSS. by Mr. Egerton Phillimore.

A few notes have been added, but they deal with a few points only, since I have in my work chiefly followed Canon Williams in consulting rather the interests of the general reader than those versed in Old-Welsh, who will easily see why I have adopted a particular version, or how I have supplied lacunae.

The short accounts that precede them, indicating sources of information simply, with no pretence to being bibliographics, may prove useful to anyone who cares to investigate the history and variation of the tracts or legends.

It remains for me to thank Canon Silvan Evans, Egerton Phillimore, Esq., and Prof. Powel, in particular, for the assistance they have kindly rendered.

G. H. J.”

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486–509
[tr.] Williams, Robert, The history of Charlemagne: a translation of Ystoria de Carlo Magno, Y Cymmrodor, 20, London: The Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, 1907.

Secondary sources (select)

Petrovskaia, Natalia, Medieval Welsh perceptions of the Orient, Cursor Mundi, 21, Turnhout: Brepols, 2015. xxxv + 241 pp.  
abstract:
This book introduces a new theoretical framework for the examination of medieval Western European perceptions of the Orient. Through the application of the medieval concept of translatio studii et imperii, it proposes the identification of three distinct conceptions of the Orient in medieval sources: Biblical, Classical, and Contemporary. Welsh textual material from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries is used as a case-study to develop and illustrate this theory. This study brings historical sources to bear on previously unexplained literary phenomena and it examines the evolution of texts and ideas in the process of transmission and translation. The sources analysed here include vernacular and Latin texts produced in Wales, as well as material that has been translated into Welsh such as Imago mundi and legends about Charlemagne. It thus combines an important and much-needed account of the development of Welsh attitudes to the East with a unique analysis of Oriental references across an extensive literary corpus.
(source: Brepols)
esp. 77–128 (ch. 3)
Poppe, Erich, “Charlemagne in Wales and Ireland: some preliminaries on transfer and transmission”, in: Jürg Glauser, and Susanne Kramarz-Bein (eds), Rittersagas: Übersetzung, Überlieferung, Transmission, 45, Tübingen: A. Francke, 2014. 169–190.
Hurlock, Kathryn, Wales and the Crusades: c. 1095-1291, Studies in Welsh History, 33, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2011.  
abstract:
Introduction; I. The crusades in Welsh sources; II. Recruitment: Archbishop Baldwin’s preaching tour in 1188; III. The response: participants from Wales and the March; IV. The military orders in Wales and the March; V. The political place of the crusades in Anglo-Welsh relations; Conclusion; Appendix I: Welsh participants; Appendix II: Marcher participants; Appendix III: Genealogies.
44–55
De Mandach, André, Naissance et développement de la chanson de geste en Europe, vol. 1: la Geste de Charlemagne et de Roland, Publications romanes et françaises, 69, Geneva: Droz, 1961.
e.g. 144